SPAN1001 · THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
By Doctor Song Yang Alejandro
01 / Pointing things out · 指示詞

This one. That one. That one over there.

Demonstratives point out people or things. Here, they show where things are.
指示詞用來指出人或事物。這裡,我們用它們表示事物的位置。

A is speaking to B.
Three distances. Two ways to refer.
With a known noun: esta camiseta. Asking what something is: ¿Qué es esto?
已知物品類別:esta camiseta。詢問是什麼東西:¿Qué es esto? 中性形式不直接修飾名詞。

English that and Chinese 「那個」 can correspond to either ese or aquel. “Over there” makes the distance clearer. ese 也可指離說話者較遠的事物,不限於聽話者身旁。

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